Class V HSn 

Book J^ ?v1 

Cojpght N? 

COPYRIGHT DEPOSn; 



A Brief Historical Outline //f^ 



3 / 

OF English Literature 



FROM 

THE ORIGINS TO THE CLOSE OF THE 
EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 

WITH 

SPECIAL TOPICS AND BIBLIOGRAPHICAL 
REFERENCE. 




Jeannette a. Marks, 

MT. HOLYOKE dOLLEGE, 
1902. 



PAWTUCKET, R. 1. : 
JOHN W. LITTLE & CO.. PRINTERS. 
1902. 




THE tIBRARY OF 
Two CumiS Received 

JAN. 31 1902 

CWVWQMT ENTRY 

CLASS CUXXo.' No. 

COPY a 



Copyright, 1902, 

BY 

JEANNETTE A. MARKS. 



" Literature is the lasting expression in words of the 
meaning of life." 

Barrett Wendell. 



TO 
M. E. W. 

AND 



i 



PREFACE. 

This brief outline of the history of English Literature 
is intended simply for class use. The bibliographical refer- 
ence is njade largely with the Mt. Holyoke College Library 
in mind, and with the hope that the shelf numbers may 
lighten the difficulties of looking for books when a student 
wishes to save all the time for reading. The aim has been 
not to multiply the numbers of authorities, historical and 
critical, and the number of authors proper, but to diminish 
them so far as the subject permitted, thus simplifying the 
work of the student. 

The Special Topics, too, have been limited. It has not 
been an easy task to do this, as subjects of interest in any 
period are countless, and to select wisely an impossibility. 
It is hoped, however, that both Bibliographical Reference, 
in which Miss Bertha E. Blakely has given invaluable assist- 
ance, and Special Topics may prove not only helpful in an 
Historical Outline Course, but also an incentive to further 
work. 
J. A. M., 

Mt. Holyoke College, 1902. 



ON THE STUDY OF LITERATURE. 

Arnold, Matthew. 

Mixed Essays. A Guide to English Literature. 373-2 
Essays in Criticism. Second Series. The Study 

of Poetry. 373-5 

DowDEN, Edward. 363-9J 
New Studies in Literature. 

1. The Teaching of English Literature p. 419. 

MoRLEY, John. 374-22 
Studies in Literature. 

1. On the Study of Literature p. 189. 

Robertson, F. W. 350-34 
Lectures and Addresses on Literary and Social 
Topics. 

1. Two Lectures on the Influence of Poetry 
on the Working Classes. (Interesting 
Social Study.) 

Shairp, J. C. 376-33 
Aspects of Poetry. (Excellent essays upon the 
appreciation of Poetry.) 

Trent, William P. 375-28 

Authority of Criticism and other Essays. 
Literature and Morals. 
Teaching the Spirit of Literature. 



2 



10 



SOME GENERAL HISTORIES OF ENGLISH 
LITERATURE. 

Allibone, S. Austin. 362-5 
A Critical Dictionary of English Literature and 
British and American authors. 

[Kirk, J. T.] 362-8 
A Supplement to Allibone's Critical Dictionary. 

Brooke, Stopford A. 

English Literature. 363-13 
Primer of English Literature. 365-12 

Craik, Henry, Ed. 384-1 
English Prose. (Excellent selections. Intro- 
duction by W. P. Ker.) 

COURTHOPE, W. J. 362-14 
History of English Poetry. (Good general his- 
tory of English Poetry.) 

Green, J. R. 712-1 
A Short History of the English People. (An 
excellent reference book for historical facts.) 

Hart, John S. 377-34 
Manual of English Literature. (Good for bio- 
graphical reference.) 

JUSSERAND, J. J. 363-22 
Literary History of the English People. (Orig- 
ins to Renaissance.) 

MiNTO, W. 384-7 
Manual of English Prose Literature. (A good 
general history of the development of English 
Prose.) 

MoRLEY, Henry. 

English Writers. (Comprehensive, especially 
good for early periods.) 



11 



Kyland, Frederick. 363-14 
Chronological Outlines of English Literature. 

SCUDDER, ViDA D. 

Introduction to the study of English Literature. 

Taine, H. a. 366-8 
History of English Literature. 

Ten Brink, Bernard. 363-6 
Early English Literature to Wiclif. 

Ward, T. Humphrey, Ed. 314-3 
The English Poets : with general introduction 
by Matthew Arnold and critical introduc- 
tions by various writers. Chaucer to Ros- 
setti. 4 V. 

Warton, Thomas. 362-11 
The History of English Poetry from the close of 
the eleventh to the commencement of the 
eighteenth century. (Unscholarly but inter- 
esting.) 

Welsh, Alfred H. 365-22 
Development of English Literature and Lan- 
guage. 



12 



TEXT STUDY. 

1. Beowulf, Hall's Translation. 

2. Chaucer's Prologue to the Canterbury Tales. 

3. Malory's Morte d' Arthur. 

4. The English Ballads. 

5. Spenser's Minor Poems. 

6. Two Plays of Shakespeare. 

7. Milton's Minor Poems. 

8. The Sir Roger de Coverley Papers. 

9. Pope's Rape of the Lock. 
10. The Poems of Burns. 



13 



Lecture 1. 
ANGLO-SAXON LITERATURE 600-1066. 
Historical Dates.* 

Caesar invades Britain, B. C. 55 and 54. 
Romans occupy Britain, A. D. 43-409. 
Romans leave Britain, 409-^20. 
Hengist and Horsa. Kent. 449. 
Saxons. Sussex. 477. 

The Battle of Badon Hill. King Arthur (?) 520. 

Augustine arrives. 597. 

Synod of Whitby. 664. 

The Danes first invade Britain. 787. 

The Second invasion of the Danes. 866. 

Alfred. 871-900. 

The Battle of Brunanburgh. 937. 
The third invasion of the Danes. 994, 



1. Introduction : Anglo-Saxon Manners and Customs. 

A. Historical (?) accounts extant eleven hundred years 

ago. 

1. Gildas, 564? 

2. Bede, 670-735. 

3. Nennius, 825. 

B. Colonization. 

1. Previous to the 5th century. 
2^ Romans leave Britain. 409-420. 
3. Invasions of Angles, Saxons and Jutes after 5th 
century. 

C. Principles of Settlement. 

1. Possession of land. 

2. Distinction of rank. 

D. Divisions of land. 

1. The Mark, legal and territorial meaning. 

2. The Ga or Scir, several Marks. 

3. Landed possessions : Ethel, Hid, or Alod. 

4. Maeburh, Tithing, Hundred. 

5. Bocland, Laenland. 

* Nichols' Chronological Tables of European History, &c., is followed almost 
entirely. 



14 



E. Personal Rank. 

1. Members of the community: Serfs, freemen, 

nobles, king. 

2. The institution of the Comitatus or Gesithas. 

3. Faethe and Wergyld. 

F. Religious History. 

1. Heathendom. 

2. Coming of St. Augustine. 597. 

3. Synod of Whitby. 664. 

a. Northern Church, (Celts). 

b. Roman Catholic Church. 

II. Anglo-Saxon Poetry and Prose. 

A. No Literature at close of 6th century, simply runic 

signs. 

B. Anglo-Saxon Poetry, c. 300-1000. 

1. Four MSS. in which Anglo-Saxon Poetry remains 

to us. 

a. Cottonian MS. 

(1) Beowulf. 

(2) Judith. 

b. Junian MS. at Oxford. Caedmon's para- 

phrases, &c. 

c. Exeter Book : Widsith, Deor, Christ, St. 

Guthlac, St. Juliana, Phoenix, Wand- 
erer, Ruin, &c., (fee. 

d. Vercelli Book: St. Andrew, St. Helene 

Dream of the Rood. 

2. Anglo-Saxon Poetry. 

a. Profane. 

(1) Widsith. c. 500. 

(2) Beowulf. 600 (?) 

(3) Waldhere, Finisburg, Deor. 600-700. 

b. Sacred, mostly composed of paraphrases 

of Bible and lives of saints. 



15 



(1) Caedmon. 625-675. 

(a) His story. 

(b) Works : Genesis, Exodus, Dan- 

iel, Christ and Satan, Judith. 

(2) Aldhelm. 655-709. 
(a) Latin Hymns, &c. 

(3) Cynewulf. c. 725-800. 
(a) Two periods. 

Secular : Eiddles, etc, 
(2Q Christian : Christ, Phoenix, 
Elene, Guthlac, Juliana, 
Andreas. 

c. The Arrest of Anglo-Saxon Poetry (Dan- 
ish Invasion, 866). 

(1) Brunanburgh. 937. 

(2) The Grave (Longfellow's translation). 

(3) Battle of Maldon. 

(4) Rhyming Poem. (Exeter Book.) 
C. Anglo-Saxon Prose. 

1. Bade. c. 670-735. 

a. Ecclesiastical History. 

2. Alfred. 871-900. 

a. Life. (See Asser's Life of Alfred.) 

b. Work, entirely translations : Boethius ; 

Orosius ; the Bede ; the Pastoral Care ; 
the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle 875-1154. 

III. The Decadence of Anglo-Saxon Literature. 

A. Internal evidences of gradual decay. 

B. The effects of the Norman Conquest. 1066. 



SPECIAL TOPICS. 

1. The Social Life of the Anglo-Saxon. 

2. The Gods of the Teuton. 



16 



The Coming of Christianity to Britain. 

Early Anglo-Saxon Monastic Life. 

Two Angle-Saxon Poets: Caedmon and Cynewulf. 

The Treatment of Nature in the Anglo-Saxon Poets. 

Characteristics of Anglo-Saxon Poetry. 



BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCE. 
. Historical and Critical. 

Brooke, Stopford A. 363-5 

The History of Early English Literature, Chs. I-XXVI. 
Carlyle Thomas. 353-2 
On Heroes, Hero Worship, &c. 
The Hero as Divinity. Odin. Paganism. Scandinavian 
Mythology. 

Disraeli, Isaac. 354-28 
Amenities of Literature (v. I : The Anglo-Saxons, Caedmon 
and Milton, Beowulf, &c.). 

Green, J. R. 724-12 
The Making of England. 

Hughes, Thomas. 725-17 
Alfred the Great. 

Jusserand, J. J. 363-22 
Literary History of England. 
Bk. I, Chs. I-IV. 

Montalembert, Charles de. 130-9 

The Monks of the West. 
Morley, Henry. 362-9 

English Writers, v. I, II. 375-23 
Pauli, Dr. R. 725-16 

The Life of Alfred the Great. (Containing also a literal Eng- 
glish translation of the Orosius.) 
Ten Brink, B. 363-6 

English Literature to Wyclif. Bk. I. 
Vere, Aubrey de. 

Legends of the Saxon Saints. 
Vigfusson and Powell. 360-5 

Corpus Poeticum Boreale. 
West, Andrew Fleming. 564-2 

Alcuin, and the Rise of the Christian Schools. 
White, Caroline Louisa. 281- 

uElfric: a new Study of his Life and Writings. 



17 



Wiilker, Dr. Richard. 282-1 
Grundriss zur Geschichte der Angelsachsischen Literatur. 

Wright, Thomas. 365-1 
Biographica Brittanica Literaria. 
(This refers simply to Anglo-Saxon Period.) 

II. Anglo-Saxon Literature. 

^Ifric. 281-3 
Lives of Saints (ed. from MS. in Cottonian Collection by W. 
W. Skeat). 

Alfred, King. 281-2 
Orosius. Part I. Sweet, Henry ed. 
(Old English Text and Latin original). 

Pastoral Care. Sweet, H., ed. 281-4 
(West Saxon version of Gregory with English Translation.) 

Proverbs of Alfred. Morris. R., ed. 281-9 
(This "Old English Miscellany " contains also a Bestiary, 
Kentish Sermons and Religious Poems of XIII Century.) 

De Consolatione Philosophiae. 282-2 
Fox S., ed. 

(King Alfred's Anglo-Saxon version of Boethius with literal 
English Translations). 

Beds, The Venerable. 725-19 
Ecclesiastical History of England. 

Blickling Homilies. (Translation.) 281-6 
Morris, R., ed. 

Caedmon. 282-8 
Exodus and Daniel. Hunt, T. W., ed. 

Codex Exoniensis, Thorpe, ed. 
Codex Vercellensis, Thorpe, ed. 
Cynewulf. 

Elene: an old English Poem. 282-8% 
(Introduction, notes, glossary by Ch. W. Kent). 

The Christ. 282-9 
(Introduction, notes, glossary by Albert S. Cook.) 

Early South English Legendary. 281-10 
Horstmann, Carl, ed. 

Judith: an Old English Epic Fragment. Cook, A. S. ed. 282-5 
(Introduction, translation, glossary, etc.) 

Six Old English Chronicles. Giles, J. A. ed. 725-14 
(Asser's Life of Alfred. Geoffrey of Monmouth's Historia 
Regum Britonum, Gildas, Nennius, &c.) 



18 



Willibald. 

Early Travels in Palestine, comprising the narratives of Ar- 
culf, Willibald, Bernard, Saewulf, etc. Wright, T. ed. 

See " Early English Literature" by Stopford A. Brooke, for sum- 
maries or translations of the following poems : — 
Deor's Complaint. 
The Husband's Message. 
The Seafarer. 
Waldhere. 
The Wanderer. 
The Wife's Complaint. 
Widsith. 



19 



Lecture 2. 
A STUDY OF THE BEOWULF, 600. 

I. Introduction : the homes of our ancestors near tne 
Elbe, Jutland, Schleswick and Holstein, where the 
Myth of the Beowulf took shape. 

II. History of the Beowulf. 

A. Oottonian MS. 

B. Theories of date. 

1. Subject matter, 6th century. 

2. Text, 8th century. 

3. MS. extant, 11th century. 

C. Historical fact at basis of story. 

III. Literary Study. 

A. Anglo-Saxon Verse Forms. 

1. Two divisions of same form. 

a. Anglo-Saxon Norse. 

b. Old-high and low German. 

2. The structure of the alliterative line. 

a. Two half-lines divided by pause. 

b. Accents. 

c. Alliteration. 

3. Evidences of rime in the Beowulf not significant. 

4. The coming of rime. 

B. The Story. 

1. The Worm, Grendel and Grendel's mother. 

2. The Dragon-myth (in English Literature). 

3. Picture of the land. 

4. The manner of living. 

5. The Sea. 

C. Characteristics of Anglo-Saxon Imagination. 
1. Melancholy, brooding on death, etc., etc. 

D. The blending of Paganism and Christianity. 
1. The Christian Kedacteur. 



20 



E, Temperament of our ancestors. 

1. Aim of highest Greek and Roman civilization. 

2. Aim of Anglo-Saxon world. 

3. Aim of Christian world. 

IV. The Beowulf Epic Compared with the Iliad and 
Chanson de Eoland. 



SPECIAL TOPICS. 

1. Characteristics of Epic Poetry. 

2. The Anglo-Saxon Ideal of a Hero. 

3. Anglo-Saxon Ethics. 

4. Feeling for Nature in the Beowulf. 

5. Scenery in the Beowulf. 



BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCE. 

I. Historical and Critical. 

Brooke, Stopford A. 363-5 
The History of Early English Literature. 

II. Beowulf Texts. 

Beowulf : An Anglo-Saxon poem, 

and the Fight at Finisburg. 
J. M. Garnett, translator. 
Beowulf: An Anglo-Saxon poem. 

The Fight at Finisburh: a Fragment. (Text and glossary.) 
Harrison, J. A. and R. Sharp, eds. 
The Tale of Beowulf. 

William Morris and A. J. Wyatt, translators. 
Beowulf: Zupitza, Julius, ed. 

(Autotypes of the Vitellius MS., transliteration and notes.) 



282-6 
282-7 

324-20 
281-1 



21 



Lecture 3. 

TRANSITION AND THE ANGLO-NORMAN INFLU- 
ENCE. 1066-1350. 

Historical Dates. 

The Battle of Hastings. 1066. 

First Rebellion of the Norman Barons. 1074. 

Domesday Book compiled. 1085. 

First Crusade. 1095-1099. 

Magna Charta. 1215. 

First Model Parliament. 1295. 

Parliament divided into Lords and Commons. 1333. 
Hundred years War with France begins. 1339. 
The Black Death. 1349. 



I. The Conquest. 1066. 

A. The Celt, the Anglo-Saxon, and the Norman. 

1. The Celt : Gael and Cymri. 

a. Race experience. 

b. Service to Literature. 

(1) The character of his genius. 

(2) Some Celtic works. 

(a) Macpherson's Ossian (Period of 

the origin of tales about Fionn, 
Fingal, an(J Oisin, 200-300 (?) 

(b) Taliesin 500-560. 

(c) Epic cycle of Conchobar and 

Cuchulainn. (Irish.) 

(d) The Arthur cycle : its Welsh 

origin and form. 

(e) The Mabinogian. 1250-1290. 

(Welsh. See Lady Charlotte 
Guest's translation.) 

2. The Anglo-Saxon. 

a. Character of his genius. 

(1) Its weakness. 

(2) Its power. 



22 



3. The Norman. 

a. Who was the Norman ? 

b. The Scandinavian and Southern Normans. 

c. Conquest of the Southern Normans under 

Duke William. 1066. 

d. Literature which they brought with them ; 

Songs of Charlemagne, Eoland and 
Oliver. 

e. The ability of the Norman. 

(1) Executive, etc. 

f. Attitude towards conquered. 

(1) Marriage and inter-marriage. 

(2) Displacing of national point of view. 
B. The Sleep of English Literature. 1066-1200. 

1. The Church. 

a. Submission of English Bishops to power 

of William. 

b. The building of English Churches. 

2. Feudalism. 

11. Transition Periods. 

A. Language. (Divisions according to Sophie Jewett.) 

1. Old English. 

a. Anglo-Saxon, 450-1150. 

b. Semi-Saxon, 1150-1250. 

c. Anglo-Norman, 1250-1350. 

2. Middle English, 1350-1550. 

3. Modern English, 1500-Present. 

B. The Development of Metrical Forms. 

1. The change in the alliterative line. 

2. The use of rime. 

3. The use of syllabic equivalence. 



23 



SPECIAL TOPICS. 

1. The Race Experience of the Celt. 

2. The Ideal Hero of the Celt : Pagan and Christian. 

3. Celtic Christianity. 

4. The Supernatural in Celtic Literature. 

5. The feeling for Nature in the Celt compared with that 

in the Anglo-Saxon. 

6. Celtic Imagination. 



BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCE. 
I. Historical and Critical. 

A. Celtic. 

Arnold, Matthew. G. 33-12 

On the Study of Celtic Literature. 
Hyde, Douglas. 375-17 

The Story oi Early Gaelic Literature. 
Jusserand, J. J. 363-22 

Literary History of England. Ch. I. 
Macleod, Fiona. 

Celtic. 
Morley, Henry. 

English Writers, v. I, Bk. I, Chs. I-III. 
Kenan, Ernest. 

La Poesie des Races Celtiques. 
(Revue des deux Mondes. 1854, pt. 1, p. 473.) 
Sikes, Wirt. 373-34 

British Goblins, Welsh Folk Lore, etc. 

B. The Norman Conquest. 
Freeman, James. 

Norman Conquest. 
Green, J. R. 724-14 

History of the English People. 
Jewett, Sarah Orne. 

The Story of the Norman. 

C» The Language. 
Champney, A. C. 

History of English. 
Lounsbury, T. R. 264-15 

History of the English Language. 



24 



Celtic Literature. 

Campbell, J. F. 

Popular Tales of the West Highlands. 
Celtic Fairy Tales. 

Jacobs, Joseph, ed. 
Hyde, Douglas. 

Beside the Fire. 
Montalembert, Charles de. 

Monks of the West (St. Columba). 
O'Grady, Standish. 

Finn and his Companions. 
Stokes and Windisch. 

Irishe Texte. 
Tennyson, Alfred. 

The Voyage of Maeldune. 
The Mabinogian. 

Lady Charlotte Guest, translator. 



25 



Lecture 4. 

LITERATURE IN EUROPE AND ANGLO-NORMAN 
LITERATURE. 1066-1350. 

I. Literature in Europe. 

A. Latin, religious. 

1. Lives of Saints, Psalms, Paraphrases of the Bible, 

Gesta Romanorum, Golden Legend, etc. 

2. Latin Hymns. 

a. Veni Creator Spiritus (6th century.) 

b. Bernard of Clairvaux, and Bernard of 

Cluny : Jerusalem the Golden (12th 
century.) 

c. Dies Irae (13th century). 

d. Stabat Mater (14th century), etc. 

B. Cycles of Romance. 

1. Those which took form in France. 

a. Charlemagne Cycle, (12th century). 

b. Alexander Cycle, (12th century). 

c. Troy Cycle, (12th century.) 

d. Arthurian Cycle, (2nd period French.) 

2. The Niebelungen Lied, (12th century.) 

C. Individual Metrical Romances, 

II. Anglo-Norman Literature. (English.) 
A. Chivalry and Mysticism. 

1. The Arthur Story. 

a. Nennius. 825 (?) 

b. William of Malmesbury. 1125. 

c. Geoffrey of Monmouth. 1147. 

d. Wace. 1155. 

e. Mape. 1143-1200. 

f. Layamon's Brut. 1205. 

2. The Grail Legend. 

a. Its relation to the Arthur story. 

b. Its development and literary form. 



26 



B. Prose. 

1. Ancren Riule. 1210. 

2. Ayenbite of Inwyt by Dan. Michel of North- 

gate. 1340. 

C. Poetry. 

1. Religious. 

a. Ormulum. 1200. 

b. Poema Morale. 1250. 

c. Genesis and Exodus. 1250. 

d. Cursor Mundi. 1320. 

e. The Pearl. 1360 (?) 

2. Secular. 

a. Owl and the Nightingale. 1280. 

b. Robert of Gloucesters Chronicle. 1272. 

c. Havelock the Dane. 1250-1300. 

d. King Horn. 1250-1300. 

e. Lyrics. 

1. Sumer is icumin in. c. 1250. 

2. Alysoun c. 1300. 



SPECIAL TOPICS. 

1. The Religious Life of the Middle Ages. 

2. Mysticism in Mediaeval Literature. 

3. The Grail Legend. 

4. The Development of the Arthur Story. 

5. The Spirit of Chivalry. 

6. The Ideal of Knighthood. 

7. Sir Launcelot and Sir Galahad. 



BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCE. 
I. Historical, Critical, Etc. 

A. The Middle Ages. 
Doran, Dr. 

Knights and Their Days. 357-4 



27 



Guizot, F. 743-14 

History of Civilization III. 
Hales, John W. 375-20 

Folia Litteraria. 

I. Old English Metrical Romances. 

n. The Lay of Havelock the Dane. 

V. Robert of Brunne. 
Harrison, Frederic. 

Essay on the Thirteenth Century. 

Bernard of Clairvaux. 
Jusserand, J. J. 363-22 

Literary History of England, Bk. II. 
MiUs, Charles. K. 23-22 

The History of Chivalry. 
Taine, H. A. 366-8 

English Literature, Bk. I. 
Ten Brink, Bernard. 363-6 

English Literature to Wyclif , Bk. H. 

B. Romance, etc. 
Ker, W. P. 

Epic and Romance. 
Newell, W. W., ed. 375-3 

King Arthur and the Table Round. (Introduction.) 
Nutt, Alfred. 360-7 

Studies on the Legend of the Holy Grail. 
Rhys, E. 

Studies in the Arthurian Legend. 
Saintsbury, George. 364-20 

The Flourishing of Romance and the Rise of Allegory. 
Sommer, Oscar. 360-1 

Edition of Mallory (notes, etc.). 

II. The Literature. 

A. Romances, etc. 

Amis and Amile. 375-19 
William Morris, translator. 

Early English Alliterative Poems. 281-8 
Morris, R. ed. 

Early Prose Romances. 375-14 
Morley, H., ed. 

King Arthur and the Table Round. 375-3 

Newell, W. W., ed. 

Pearl (with modern rendering). 360-4 

Qollanez I., ed. 



28 



Reynard the Fox. 373-21 
(Introduction and notes). 
Jacobs, J., ed. 

Select Tales from the Gesta Romanorum. 346-38 
Swan, C. 

Sir Gawayne and tlie Green Knight. 281-7 
Morris, R., ed. 

Specimens of Early English Metrical Romances. 375-13 
Ellis, G., ed. 

Tennyson, Alfred. 320-4 

The Holy Grail. 

Idyls of the King. 
The High History of the Holy Grail. 375-15 

Sebastian Evans, trans. 
The Mabinogian (Peredy). 363-3 

Lady Charlotte Guest, trans. 
The Seven Sages : in English Verse. 322-9 

Wright, T., ed. 

The Song of Roland. H. 46-3 

(Translation into Modern French). 
Gautier, Leon, ed. 
The Song of Roland. H. 46-3^ 

(Translation into English Verse). 

John O'Hagan, trans. 
Chronicles, etc. (Arranged chronologically.) 

William of Malmesbury. 725-13 
Chronicle of the Kings of England. (To the reign of 

Stephen). 

Henry of Huntingdon. 725-12 
Chronicle comprising the History of England. (From Julius 

Caesar to Henry II.) 
Roger de Hoveden. 725-3 

Annals. (732-1201 A. D.) 
Layamon. 

Brut. 

Giraldus Cambrensis. 725-10 

Historical Works, etc. 
Roger of Wendover. 725-5 

Flowers of History. (From Descent of Saxons to A. D. 1235.) 
Matthew Paris. 725-7 

English History. (1235-1273.) 



29 



Lecture 5. 
CHAUCER'S TIMES. 1350-1400. 
Historical Dates. 

War with France. 1350. 

The Black Death. 1349, 1361, 1369. 

Battle of Poitiers. 1356. 

Death of the Black Prince. 1376. 

Richard II. 1377-1399. 

Wat Tyler's Insurrection. 1381. 



I. Introduction : A Picture of the Times. 

A. Manners and Customs. 
Chaucer and Langland. 

B. Mediaeval Costumes and Types. 
Chaucer: The Prologue. 
Romaunt of the Rose : 1-1350. 

C. Mediaeval Building and Landscape. 

Chaucer : The Knight's Tale, The Romaunt of the 

Rose, 1, 239. 
The Pearl. 

II. Conditions of the Church and William Langland. 

A. Social Conditions and the Laborer. 

1. The Black Death. (1349, 1361, 1369.) 

2. The Peasant's Revolt. 

B. The Church. 

C. William Langland. 

1. Who was Langland ? 

2. The Vision of William concerning Piers the 

Plowman, 
a. Editions: 

(1) 1st edition, 1362. 

(2) 2nd " 1377. 

(3) 3rd " 1393. 



30 



b. Verse form. 

c. Language. 

d. Allegory, etc. 

(1) Seven Deadly Sins compared with 
Dunbar's Dance of Seven Deadly 
Sins and Personifications in Faerie 
Queene. 

e. Langland's Attitude towards London So- 

ciety. 

(1) The Church. 

(2) Feeling for the Poor. 

(3) Work. 

III. Other Writers and Books. 

A. Sir John Mandeville. 1300-1372. 

B. Lawrence Minot. 1300-1352. 

C. John Barbour: The Bruce. 1375. 

D. John Wiclif. 1324-1384. 

1. Life. 

2. Latin Works. 

3. English Works. 

a. Translations of the Bible, c. 1380. 

E. JohnGower. 1324-1408. 



SPECIAL TOPICS. 

1. Mediaeval Building. 

2. Mediaeval Landscape. 

3. Mediaeval Costume. 

4. Plagues in the Middle Ages. 

5. The Church and the Laborer. 

6. Two Visionary Poems of the Middle Ages : Piers Plow- 

man and the Pearl. 



31 



BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCE, 
Historical and Critical. 

Disraeli, Isaac. 353-28 
Amenities of Literature. 
Chaucer, Gower, Piers Ploughman. 
Gosse, Edmund. 364-8 
Short History of Modern English Literature. Ch. I. Age 
of Chaucer. 

Hales, John W. 375-20 
Folia Litteraria, 
IX The Confessio Amantis. 
Jusserand, S. J. 

English Way- faring Life in the Middle Ages. 712-% 
Piers Plowman. 310-10 
Lacroix, P. 

Manners, Customs and Dress during the Middle Ages. 
Morris, William. 345-22 
A Dream of John Ball. 
(For architecture, etc.) 
Palgrave, F. T. 

Landscape in Poetry from Homer to Tennyson. 
Euskin, John. 381-16 
Modern Painters. Vol. III. 
(Landscape.) 

The Stones of Venice. 3 81-13 

On the Nature of the Gothic. 
Scudder, Vida D. 364-13% 

Social Ideals in English Letters. Ch. I. William Lang- 
land, etc. 

Trevelyan, George Macaulay. 711-12 

England in the Age of Wycliffe. [With maps.] 
Wright, T. 

Domestic Manners and Sentiments in England during the 
Middle Ages. 

Literature of Chaucer's Times. 

Barbour, John. 330-22 
The Bruce; with notes by John Jamieson. 

The Bruce (contains Life of Barbour) 330-15 
Jamieson, J., ed. 

Froissart, Sir John. 752-16 
Chronicles of England, France and Spain. (A good con- 
temporary account.) 



32 



Gower, John. 
Confessio Amantis : ed. by Rheinhold Pauli. 

Langland, William. 
The Vision and Creed of Piers Ploughman : with notes. 
Wright T., ed. 

Minot, Lawrence. 
Poems— edited with Introduction and Notes by Joseph Hall. 

Wycliffe, John. 
English Works hitherto unprinted. 
Holy Bible, containing the Old and New Testaments. 
Tracts and Treatises. 

Lecture 6. 

CHAUCER'S LIFE AND WORK. 1340-1400. 
Introduction: Court Life and Literature. 
. Chaucer, the servant of the court. 

A. His youth. 

1. Page in Prince Lionel's household. 1357. 

2. Military service in France. 1359. 

3. Valet or Squire in the service of Edward HI. 
1361-1372(?) 

B. Responsible positions. 

1. Missions. 

a. To Italy. 1370-1373. 

b. To France and Italy. 1377-1378. 

2. Comptrollerships. 

a. Wools, Skins, and Hides. 1374. 

b. Petty customs. 1382. 

3. Knight of the Shire for Kent. 1386. 

4. Clerk of the King's Works. 1389. 

III. Chaucer's Literary Work. 
A. Three periods. 

1. French Influence. 



310-11 

322-15 

282-15 
281-11 



33 



a. Translation of Romaunt of the Rose 

1366(?) 

(Roman de la Rose, by Guillaame de 
Lorris and Jean de Meung.) 

b. Translation of A B C Prayer, c. 1366. 

(Guillaume de Deguilleville). 

c. The Compleynt unto Pite. 1367. 

d. The Book of the Duchesse. 1369. 

CCeyx and Alcione from Ovid, Remini- 
scences of Machault, and Roman de 
la Rose.) 

2. Italian influence. 

a. Lyf of Seint Cecyle. (See Second Nun's 

Tale, Canterbury Tales. Story from 
Legenda Aurea). 

b. The Parlement of Foules. 1382. 

(Imitations from Dante and passage 
from Boccaccio's Teseide^. 

c. Palamon and Arcite. (See Knight's Tale 

from Boccaccio's Teseide). 

d. Boece, 1380-1383. (Boethius, De Conso- 

latione.) 

e. Troilus and Cressida. 1380-1383. 

(Adaptation of Boccaccio's II Filostrato) 

f. Hons of Fame. 1383-1384. (Unfinished. 

Influence of Divina Commedia.) 

3. English period. 

a. Legende of Good Women. 1385. (Un- 

finished. Influence of Ovid, Virgil, 
and Baccaccio.) 

b. Canterbury Tales. After 1385. 

(1) Rime Royal (Seven line stanza). 

Four tales. Examples • Man of 
Lawes Tale and Clerkes Tale. 



34 



(2) In eight line stanza. 

One tale. The Monkes Tale. 

(3) In Heroic Couplet. 

(a) The Prologue. 

(b) Sixteen of the Canterbury Tales. 

Examples : The Knight's Tale. 

(4) Doggerel Rhyme. The Rhyme of 

Sir Thopas. 

(5) In Prose. 

Chaucer's Tale of Meliboeus. 
The Parson's Tale, 
c. Late Minor Poems.) 

(1) Truth. (Suggested by Boethius' De 

Consolatione.) 

(2) Gentilesse. (Influence of Boethius 

and Roman de la Rose.) 

(3) Compleynt to his Purs. 1399. 

IV. In Conclusion: the Genius of Chaucer. 

Note. Literary antecedent, etc., given in parenthesis. 



SPECIAL TOPICS. 

1. Chaucer, the Court Servant. 

2. Chaucer's Three Literary Periods. 

3. The Romance of the Rose and its Influence upon Chau- 

cer. 

4. Chaucer the Literary Artist. 

5. Humor in Chaucer. 

6. Character Sketching in Chaucer. 

7. Women in Chaucer's Poems. 

8. Chaucer's Prose. 



35 



BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCE. 
1. Historical and Critical. 

Fleay, F. G. 365-13 

Guide to Chaucer and Spenser. 
Hales, John W. 375-20 
Folia Litteraria. 
Vn Chaucer at Woodstock. 
VIII Chaucer Notes. 
Hazlitt, William. 372-13 
Lectures on the English Poets. 
II Chaucer and Spenser. 
Hempl, George 281-i^ 
Chaucer's Pronunciation and the Spelling ot the Elles- 
mere MS. 

Lounsbury, T. R. 281-1 

Studies in Chaucer. His Life and Writings. 
Minto, W. 284-6 

Characteristics of English Poets from Chaucer to Shirley, 

Saunders, John. 375-11 14 

Cabinet Pictures of English Life. 

Canterbury Tales from Chaucer. 375-11 
Shairp, J . C. 376-34 
On Poetic Interpretation of Nature, Ch. XI. Nature in 
Chaucer, Shakepeare, and Milton. 
Swinburne, Algernon, Charles: 372 3 

Miscellanies. 
Short Notes on English Poets. 
(Chaucer: Spenser : The Sonnets of Shakespeare.) 
Ward, Adolphus WiUiam. 382-7 
Chaucer. 



II. Chaucer's Works. 

A. Various Editions of CompletejWorks. 
Chaucer, Geoffrey. 

Complete Works; ed. by Walter Skeat. 310-3 

Poetical Works; ed. by Thomas Tyrwhitt. 310-2 

Poetical Works; ed. by Richard Morris; with Memoir by 

Sir Harris Nicholas. 311-4 

Poetical Works. Gilman's edition. 311-1 

B. The Canterbury Tales, etc. 

Chaucer's Canterbury Tales annotated and accented. 375-10 
John Saunders. 



36 



Chaucer : The Prioresses Tale, Sire Thopas, The Monke's Tale, 

The Gierke's Tale, the Squire's Tale. 

Skeat, W., ed. 282-14 

Chaucer: The Tale of the Man of Lawe, the Pardoner's 

Tale, etc. 

Skeat, W., ed. 282-13 
Chaucer: The Legend of Good Women. 

Skeat, W., ed. 282-12 



37 



Lecture 7. 

THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY. "AGE OF ARREST.' 

1400-1500. 

Historical Dates. 

King James I of Scotland. 1394-1437. 
Henry IV. 1399-1413. 
Execution of Huss. 1415. 
Henry V. 1413-1422. 

Persecution of the Lollards. 
War between Scotland and England. 1434-1436. 
Jack Cade's Rebellion. 1450. 
Constantinople captured. 1453. 
Wars of the Roses. 1455-1486. 



I. Introduction. 

A. Political conditions : Wars of the Roses, etc. 

B. Temper of the Century. 

II. Important Events in the Making op English 

Literature. 

A. The Fall of Constantinople, 1453. 

B. The Invention of Printing. 1438-1445. 

1. Printing introduced by Caxton into England. 
1476. 

a. The first book printed : " The Game and 
Playe of Chesse. 

III. Chaucerian Imitators. 

A. English, 

1. John Lydgate. 1370-1440. 

2. Thomas Occleve. 1368(?)-1450(?). 

3. Osbern, Bokenam, Audley, etc. 

B. Scottish. 

1. King James 1. 1394-1487. 
The King's Quhair. 



38 



2. Robert Henryson. 1425(?)-1480(?). 

3. William Dunbar. 1450(?)-1513(?). 

IV. Miscellaneous Prose. 

A. William Caxton's Translations. 

B. Malory's Morte d' Arthur, c. 1470. (See also Lecture 

3, TV, A.) 

C. The Paston Letters, etc. 

V. Two Developments of Popular Literature during 

THIS Century. 

A. The Miracle and Mystery Plays. 

(See Lecture 9, I, A.) 

B. The Ballad. 

1. Its Origin. 

a. Authorship of the ballad, etc. 

b. Different features of the ballad. 

(1) Poetry of unlettered. 

(2) Its singing qualities. 

(a) Song, dance, refrain. 

(3) Lack of personal element. 

(4) Its objectivity, etc., etc. 

2. Different kinds of ballads. (Division according 

to Katharine Lee Bates.) 

a. Superstition. 

b. Tradition. ^ 

c. Romantic and Domestic. 

3. The place of the ballad in English Literature. 

VI. In Conclusion : the Coming of the New Learning. 



SPECIAL TOPICS. 

1. The Fall of Constantinople. 

2. The Invention of Printing. 

3. The English Imitators of Chaucer. 

4. The Scottish Imitators of Chaucer. 

5. The Ballad. 



39 



BIBLIOGRAPHICAL EEFERENCE. 
Historical and Critical. 

Carlyle, Thomas. 365-1614 
Lectures on the History of Literature. 
Lecture IV. The Middle Ages. 

Disraeli, Isaac. 354-28 
Amenities of Literature. 
The Invention of Printing. 
Gosse, Edmund. 364-8 
Short History of Modern English Literature. 
Ch. II. Close of the Middle Ages. 
Hallam, Henry. 360-15 
Introduction to the Literature of Europe in the fifteenth, 
sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. 

Knight, Charles. 686-16 

"William Caxton, the first English Printer. 

Putnam, George Haven. 365-5 

Books and their Makers during the Middle Ages. 

Ten Brink, B. 363-6 

English Literature to Wyclif . Vol. H, Part H, Bks. 5 and 6. 

Wright, Thomas. 365-3 

Essays on the Literature, Popular Superstitions, and History 
of England in the Middle Ages. 

Fifteenth Century Literature. 

A Ballad Book. [Students Series of English Classics.] 322-321^ 

Bates, Katherine Lee, ed. 
The Legendary Ballads of England and Scotland. 322-33 

Roberts, J. S., ed. 
Old English Ballads. 322-32 

Gummere, P. B., ed. 
A Christmas Garland: Carols and Poems from the Fifteenth 315-13 
Century to the Present Time. 
BuUen, A. H., ed. 
Malory, Thomas. 
Le Morte Darthur. The original edition of Wm. Caxton 360-1 
reprinted and edited by Oskar Sommer. With an Essay 
by Andrew Lang. 
The History of King Arthur and of the Knights of the 375-1 
Round Table. 

The Paston Letters. 375-7 
Gairdner, J., ed. 

Specimens of English Literature from " The Ploughman's 282-11 
Crede " to the " Shephearde's Calender." 
Skeat, W., ed. 



40 



Lecture 8. 

RENASCENCE AND REFORM. 1485-1558. 
Historical Dates. 

Columbus discovers the West Indies. 1492. 
John and Sebastian Cabot. 1497. 
Henry VIII. 1509-1547. 

Church of England separated from Rome. 1532-1534. 
English Bible used in the churches. 1536. 
Dissolution of the Monasteries completed. 1539. 
Latimer and Hooper burnt. 1555. 
Cranmer is made a martyr. 1556. 
Elizabeth ascends the throne. 1558. 



I. Introduction : The Period of the New Learning. 

A. Its Scholars. 

1. Sir Thomas Moore. 1480-1535. 

2. Dean Colet and Erasmus. 

B. The Study and Influence of the Classics. 

C. The New Learning and Reform. 

1. Independent inquiry, freedom from tradition, etc. 

II. Some Prose Writers of the Period. 

A. Sir Thomas More. 1480-1535. 
1. His Works. 

a. History of Richard III. 1513(?) 

b. The Utopia. 1515, and 1516. 

c. Tracts against Tyndale. 1529-32 

B. William Tyndale. 1485-1536. 

1. Translations of the Bible. 1525, 1534, 1536. 

2. Other Editors of Bible ; Coverdale 1535 . Rogers 

1537 ; " Taverner's Bible " 1589, Cranmer 
1540. 

C. Hugh Latimer. 1472-1555. 
1. Sermons. 



41 



III. Some Poets of the Period. 

A. Late Chaucerian Poets. 

1. Stephen Hawes. 1483-1512. 

2. John Skelton. 1460(?)-1529. 

B. Scotch Poets. 

1. Sir David Lyndesay. 1490-1556. 

2. Gavin Douglas. 1474-1522. 

C. First Poets of the Early English Eenascence : Wyatt 

and Surrey. 

1. Sir Thomas Wyatt. 1503-1542. 

a. Sonnets and Lyrics. 

2. Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey. 1516-1547. 

a. Sonnets and Lyrics. 

b. Translation of Virgil's iEneid. 

3. Their service to English Prosody. 

a. Introduction of Sonnet Form. (Wyatt.) 

b. First use of Blank Verse. (Surrey.) 

D. The Drama. (See Lecture 9, II, C.) 

1. Nicholas Udall. Earliest English Comedy : 

Ralph Royster Doyster. 1550. 

2. Thomas Sackville. Earliest English Tragedy : 

Ferrex and Porrex. 1565. 



SPECIAL TOPICS. 

1. The Oxford Reformers. 

2. Literary Manifestations of the New Learning. 

3. The First Grammar School. 

4. Sir Thomas More: the Man. 

5. Plato's " Republic" and the Utopia." 

6. Other Social Dreams compared with the Utopia. 

7. The Service of Wyatt and Surrey. 

8. Renaissance Architecture. 

6 



42 



BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCE. 



I. Historical and Critical. 



Froude, James A. 

Life and Letters of Erasmus. 
Foster, John. 

Critical Essays. 
VoL I. Memoirs of Sir Thomas More, by A. Cayley. 
Green, J. R. 

A Short History of the English People. Ch. VI, Sec. IV. 
The New Learning. 
Hales, John W. 

Folia Litteraria. 
XI Wyatt and Surrey. 
Manning, Anne. 

The^Household of Sir Thomas More. 
Pater, Walter. 

The Renaissance; Studies in Art and Poetry. 
Scudder, V. D. 

Social Ideals in English Letters, Ch. II. 
Seebohm, Frederic. 

The Oxford Reformers: John Colet, Erasmus, and More 
Symonds, J. A. 

The Renaissance in Italy. 
Ten Brink, B. 

English Literature to Wyclif . Vol. Ill, Book VI, Sec. IV. 



356-1 



712-1 



375-20 



346-17 



424-30 



364-13% 
133-18 

H. 75-12 

363-6 



11. The Literature. 

Erasmus, Desiderius. ^ _ 

Praise of Folly. 
More, Sir Thomas. 

Utopia. Ed. by Edward Arber. 

Utopia. Translated into English, Ralph Robinson. 

Utopia. Ed. by J. R. Lumby. 
Ideal Commonwealths. 

(The Utopia, Bacon's Atlantis, etc.) Morley, Henry, ed. 
Skelton, John. 

Poetical Works. 
Surrey, Henry Howard, Earl of. 

Poetical Works. 



Tottel, Richard. 

" Miscellany." ^See Surrey's 
Wyatt, Sir Thomas. 

PoeticallWorks. 



Songs and Son nettes.' 



372-32 

375-5 
375-36 
375-6 
375-9 

328-7 

327-12 

375-38 

327-15 



43 



Lecture 9. 

ELIZABETHAN LITERATURE. 1558-1616. 
Historical Dates. 

Elizabeth. 1558-1603. 

Relormation in Scotland. 1560- . 

Mary Stuart reigna. 1561-1567. 

Drake sails round the world. 1577. 

Battle of Zutphen. 1586. 

The Armada. 1588. 

Pilgrim Fathers go the Delft. 1609. 



I. Introduction: The Renascence and Elizabethan 

Literature. 

A. Enthusiasm for discovery and invention. 

B. Spirit of freedom and reform. 

C. Development of critical spirit, etc., etc. 

II. Elizabethan Poetry and Prose (exclusive of the 

Drama). 

A. Poetry. 

1. Edmund Spenser. 1552-1599. 

a. Important dates in life and works. 

(1) 1552. Born in London. 

(2) 1560. Merchant Tay- 

lor's School. 

(3) 1569. Cambridge. (3) 1569. Sonnets of Petrarch 

and Visions of Bellay. 

(4) 1576. Took M. A. 

(5) 1579. Met Sir Philip (5) 1579. Shepheardes Calen- 

Sidney. der finished; Faerie 

Queene conceived. 

(6) 1580. Went to Ireland (6) 1580. View of Present state 

with Lord Wilton. of Ireland. 



44 



(7) 1581. Made Clerk of 

Degrees in Court of 
Chancery. 

(8) 1586. Manor and Cas- 

tle of Kilcolman 
granted him. 

(9) 1591. Spenser in Eng- 

land. 



(10) 1591. Returned to 

Ireland. 

(11) 1591-92. Second love 

won. 

(12) 1594. Marriage. 

(13) 1595. Visit to Eng- 

land. 

(14) 1596. London. 



(15) 1598. Tyrone's Re- 

bellion drove him 
out of Ireland. 

(16) 1599. Died in a Lon- 

don Tavern. Bur- 
ied in Westminster 
Abbey. 



(8) A large part of the Faerie 

Queene was written then. 

(9) 159L Collected shorter 

poems for publication : 
(a) Mother Hubbard's 
Tale ; (b) Ruins of Time; 

(c) Tears of the Muses , 

(d) "Complaints," etc. 

(10) 1591. Wrote Colin Clout's 

Come Home Again. 

(11) 1592. Sonnets record pro- 

gress of wooing. (See 
Sonnet Cycles, 5.) 

(12) 1594. Epithalamion. 

(13) 1595. Last three books of 

Faerie Queene. 

(14) 1596. Published books of 

Faerie Queene, also Pro- 
thalamion, Daphnaida, 
Hymns on Love and 
Beauty, Heavenly Love 
and Beauty, etc. 



45 



2. Sir Philip Sidney. 1552-1586. 

a. Life. 

(1) Birth and position. 

(2) Penelope Devereux. 

(3) His death : Battle of Zutphen. 1586. 

b. Works. 

(1) The Countess of Pembroke's Arca- 

dia. 1580. 

(See Prose B, 3, b, (2).) 

(2) Astrophel and Stella. 1581. (See 

Sonnet Cycles 5, a. (1).) 

(3) The Apology for Poetry. 1583. 

(See Prose B, 4. a.) 

3. Christopher Marlowe. 1564-1593. 

a. Hero and Leander (Finished by Chap- 
man. 1598). 

4. William Shakespeare. 1564-1616. 

a. Poetry. 

(1) Venus and Adonis. 1593. 

(2) Lucrece. 1594. 

(3) Sonnets, 1609. (See Sonnet Cy- 

cles 5, a, (8).) 

5. Some Sonnet Cycles. 1581-1609. 

a. Works. 

(1) Astrophel and Stella. Sir Philip 

Sidney. 1581. 

(2) Passionate Century. Thomas Wat- 

son. 1582. 

(3) Amoretti. Edmund Spenser. 1592- 

94. 

(4) Phillis. Thomas Lodge. 1593. 

(5) Idea. Michael Drayton. 1594. 

(6) Diana. Henry Constable. 1594. 

(7) Delia. Samuel Daniel. 1594. 



46 



(8) Sonnets. William Shakespeare. 
1609. 

b. Concerning the Sonnet. 

(1) Its Italian form and origin. 

(2) Its introduction into England by 

Sir Thomas Wyatt. 

(3) Its English form and uses. 

6. Lyrics of the Dramatists. 

a. The Passionate Shepherd to his Love. 

b. Hark ! Hark ! The Lark ! 

c. Drink to Me Only with Thine Eyes, etc. 

7. Early Anthologies of Poetry. 

a. Tottel's Miscellany. 1557. 

b. Paradise of Dainty Devices. 1576. 

c. A Handful of Pleasant Delights. 1584. 

d. England's Helicon. 1600, etc., etc. 

8. Other Poets. 

a. Thomas Sackville. 1527-1608 (for Drama 

see Lecture 9, II, C, 2.) 

b. John Donne. 1573-1631. 

c. Phineas Fletcher. 1582-1650. 

d. Giles Fletcher. ' 1588(?)-1625. 

e. Wilham Browne. 1590-1645. 

B. Elizabethan Prose. 

1. Its slow development, etc. 

2. Its Subjects; didactic, religious, poetical, ro- 

mantic. 

3. Romances. 

a. Indebtedness to Italian Sources. 

b. Works. 

(1) Euphues, John Lyly. 1580. 

(2) Arcadia, Sir Philip Sidney. 1580. 
a. The Pastoral Element, etc. 

(3) Menaphon, Robert Greene. 1587. 

(4) Rosalynde, Thomas Lodge. 1590. 



47 



4. Some authors. 

a. Sir Philip Sidney. 1552-1586. 

(For Works see A, 5, a.) 

b. Sir Walter Raleigh. 1552-1618. 

(1) History of the World. 1606-1614 

c. Richard Hooker. 1553-1600. 

(1) The Ecclesiastical Polity. 1594, 
Bks. I-IV. 

d. Francis Bacon. 1561-1626. 

(1) Life. 

(2) Works. 

(a) Essays. 1597 and 1625. 

(b) Advancement of Learning. 1605. 

(c) Novum Organum (Latin.) 1620, 

etc., etc. 

e. Robert Burton. 1576-1639. 

(1) The Anatomy of Melancholy. 1621. 



SPECIAL TOPICS. 

1. Elizabethan Customs. 

2. Literary Characteristics of the Elizabethans. 

3. The Classics in Elizabethan England. 

4. The Elizabethan Lyric. 

5. The Pastoral Romance in Elizabethan England. 

6. The Sonnet Form. 

7. Sir Philip Sidney : a Character Study. 

8. What Spenser owes to the Middle Ages. 

BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCE. 
1. Historical and Critical. 



Carlyle, Thomas. 
On Heroes, Hero W^orship and the heroic in History. 
Lecture III. The Hero as Poet. Dante, Shakespeare. 



353-2 



48 



Church, R. W. 

Bacon. 382-2 
Spenser. 383-7 

Courthope. 
History of English Poetry. Vol. II. 

Craik, George L. 

Bacon, his Writings and his Philosophy. 365-11 
Spenser and his Poetry. 375-12 
Disraeli, Isaac. 354-28 
Amenities of Literature. 
Spenser. 
The Faery Queene. 

Dowden, Edward. 

New Studies in Literature. 363-9^ 
The Poetry of John Donne, p. 90. 

Transcripts and Studies. 363-10 
Spenser the Poet and Teacher, p. 269. 
Heroines of Spenser, p. 305. 
Froude, J. A. 

History of England. 
Gosse, Edmund. 364-8 

Short History of Modern English Literature. 
Ch. III. Age of Elizabeth. 
Hart, John S. 376-14 

Spenser and the Fairy Queene. 
Hazlitt, William. 372-11 

Lectures on the Literature of the Age of Elizabeth. 
Jusserand, J. J. 364-27 

The English Novel in the time of Shakespeare. 
Kingsley, Charles. 371-31 

Sir Walter Raleigh and his Time, with other Papers. 
Macaulay, Thomas Babington. 372-1 

Critical and Miscellaneous Essays. 
Vol. II. Lord Bacon. 
Nichol, John. 623-14 

Francis Bacon : his Life and Philosophy. 
Saintsbury, George. 364-1 

A History of Elizabethan Literature. 
Symonds, John A. 383-5 

Sir Philip Sydney. 
Taine, H. A. 366-8 

English Literature, Bk. II. 
Underbill, John Garrett. 363-21 

Spanish Literature in the England of the Tudors. 



49 



II. Elizabethan Literature. 



Ascham, Roger. 375-39 
The Scholemaster. 

Bacon, Lord. 

Moral and Historical Works. 365-9 

Essays and Colours of Good and Evil. 365-8 

Essays. 365-7 

A Harmony of the Essays, etc. 375-34 

Chapman, George. G. 33-22 
Homer. 

Daniel, Samuel. 322-29 
Poetical Works : with Memoir of his Life. 

Donne, John. 328-21 
Poetical Works. 

Elizabethan and Jacobean Pamphlets. 375-21 
Saintsbury, George, ed. 

Gascoigne, George. 375-41 
Certain Notes of Instruction in English Verse. 

Gosson, Stephen. 375-32 
The Schoole of Abuse. 

Hooker, Richard. 870-7 
Works. 

Lyly, John, M. A. 375-33 
Euphues, The Anatomy of Wit. 
Euphues and his England. 

Lyrics from the Song- books of the Elizabethan Age. 312-2 
BuUen, A. H., ed. 

Lyrics from Romances of Elizabethan Age. 312-2 
BuUen, A. H., ed. 

Lyrics from the Dramatists of the Elizabethan Age. 312-3 
BuUen, A. H., ed. 

Books of Elizabethan Lyrics. 312-4 
Schelling, F. E., ed. 

Puttenham, George. 375-35 
The Art of English Poesie. 

Raleigh, Walter. 350-1 
Works: with Lives of the Author by Oldys and Birch. 

Shakespeare, William. 332-9 
Poems. 



50 



Sidney, Sir Philip. 

Works in Prose and Verse. 376-1 

An Apologie for Poetrie, 1595. 375-43 

Spenser, Edmund. 

Complete Works. 311-14 

Poetical Works. 326-1 

The Faerie Queene. Bk. I. 375-22 

Webbe, William. 375-42 



A Discourse of English Poetrie, 1586. 



51 



Lecture 10. 
ELIZABETHAN DRAMA, 
L Introduction: Pre-Elizabethan Drama. 

A. Miracle and Mystery Plays. 

B. Moralities. 

C. John Heywood. The Interludes, c. 1565. 
11. Elizabethan Drama. 

A. Earliest Comedy: Udall's Ralph Royster Doyster. 

1550. 

B. Earliest Tragedy : Ferrex and Porrex. 1565. 

C. Some Elizabethan Dramatists. 

1. Nicholas Udall. 1506-1564. 

2. Thomas Sackville. 1536-1608. 

3. John Lyly. 1554(?)-1606. 

4. George Peele. 1558(?)-1597(?). 

5. Robert Greene. 1560(?)-1592. 

6. Michael Drayton. 1563-1631. 

7. Christopher Marlowe. 1564-1593. 

8. Thomas Nash. 1567-1601. 

D. William Shakespeare. 1564-1616. 
1. Some plays in the 

a. First Persod. 1588(?)-1596. 

(1) Titus Andronicus. 

(2) 1st part of Henry VI. 

(3) Love's Labour's Lost. 

(4) Comedy of Errors. 

(5) Midsummer Night's Dream. 

(6) Romeo and Juliet. 

b. Second Period. 1596-1601. 

(1) Merchant of Venice. 

(2) Taming of the Shrew. 

(3) Henry IV and Henry V. 

(4) Much Ado About Nothing. 

(5) As You Like It, etc. etc. 



52 



c. Third Period. 1601-1608. 

(1) Julius Cgesar. 

(2) Hamlet. 

(3) Othello. 

(4) Macbeth. 

(5) King Lear. 

(6) Antony and Cleopatra, etc., etc. 

d. Fourth Period. 1608-1613. 

(1) The Tempest. 

(2) A Winter's Tale. 

(3) Cymbeline. 

2. A Short Study of the Theory of the Drama (ac- 

cording to Freytag). 

a. Structure. 

(1) Definition of Drama. 

(2) Contents. 

(3) Dramatic Action. 

(a) Introduction, Rising Treatment, 

Climax, Descending Treatment, 
Catastrophe. 

(b) Exciting Moment, Tragic Mo- 

ment, Moment of Last Suspense. 

b. Some laws governing the Drama. 

c. Dramatic treatment. 

d. What is dramatic ? 

3. Shakespeare's Life related to his Work. 

(1) 1564. April 24. Bap- 

tized at Stratford-on- 
Avon. Father John 
Shakespeare. Mother 
Mary Arden. 

(2) 1582. November. Mar- 

ried Anne Hathaway. 
Within six months 
first child baptized. 



(3) 1585. Left Stratford for 
London. 

(4) 1592. Reference made 

to him by Robert 
Greene. 

(5) 1597. Very prosperous. 

Bought house of New 
Place at Stratford. 

(6) 160L John Shakes- 

peare dies. 

(7) 1612. Death of Mother. 

(8) 1616. April 23. Buried 
at Stratford. 

III. Conclusion : The D 



53 

(4) First Period. 1588(?)-1596. 

(5) Second Period. 1596-1601. 

(6) Third Period. 1601-1603. 

(7) Fourth Period. 1608-1613. 

ICLINE OF THE DrAMA. 



SPECIAL TOPICS. 

1. The Religious Drama. 

2. The Performance of a Miracle or Mystery Play. 

3. Stratford-on-Avon. 

4. London in Shakespeare's Day. 

5. The Life of an Elizabethan Dramatist. 



BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCE. 
I. Historical and Critical. 

Abbott, E. A. 332-20 

A Shakespearian Grammar.' 

Bates, Katherine Lee. 335-1414 

The English Religious Drama. 

Brandes, George. 333-14 

William Shakespeare: a Critical Study. 



54 



Clarke, Mary Cowden. 334-9 
Complete Concordance to Shakspero. 

Corson, Hiram. 332-12 
Introduction to Shakespeare. 

Dowden, Edward. 

Literature Primer. Shakspere. 332-23 

Shakspere. A Critical Study of his Mind and Art. 332-13 
Fischer, Eudolf. 333-19 

Kunstentwicklung der Englischen Tragodie, von ihren 
ersten Anfaugen bis zu Shakespeare. 

Freytag, G. 515-21 and J. 64-19 

The Theory of the Drama. 

Guizot, M. 332- 
Shakespeare and his Times. 

Hazlitt, William. 371-26 
Characters of Shakespeare's Plays. 

Hazlitt, W. C, ed. 
Shakespeare's Library: a collection of the plays, poems, his- 
tories, etc., used by Shakespeare. 

Hudson, Rev. H. N. 332-16 
Shakespeare. 

Jameson, Mrs. 331-28 
Characteristics of Women of Shakespeare's Plays. 

Jusserand, J. J. , 333-20 

Shakespeare in France under the ancien regime. 

Knight, Charles. 334-1 

William Shakspere : a Biography. 
Lamb, Charles and Mary. 332-21 

Tales from Shakspere. 
Lee, Sidney. 332-6 

Life of William Shakespeare. 
Lowell, J. R. 

The Old English Dramatists. 
Moulton, R. G. 332-8 

Shakespeare as a Dramatic Artist. 
Ransome, Cyril. 332-16 

Short Studies of Shakespeare's Plots. 
Roffe, Alfred. 334-23^^ 

Handbook of Shakespears Music. 
Symonds, J. A. 331-13 

Shakespeare's Predecessors in the English Drama. 
Ten Brink, Bernhard. 336-13 

Five Lectures on Shakepeare. 



55 



Ward, Adolphus William. 
History of English Dramatic Literature, to the death of 



333-16 



Queen Anne. 



Ward, H. Snowden and Catharine Weed Ward. 
Shakespeare's Town and Times. 



332-5 



Wendell, Barrett. 
William Shakespeare : a study in Elizabethan literature. 



336-19 



White, Richard Grant. 



332-4 



Studies in Shakespeare. 

11. The Drama. 

A. Pre-Shakespearean Drama. 

Ancient Mysteries Described, especially the English Miracle 335-2 
Plays. 
Hone William. 

(Preface: 8 Mysteries, Visit of Mary to Elizabeth, The Trial 
of Mary and Joseph, The Miraculous Birth and the 
Midwives, etc.) 

English Miracle Plays, Moralities and Interludes. 335-14 

Pollard, A. W., ed. 
Early Mysteries, and other Latin Poems of the 12th and 13th 335-11 
centuries. 

Wright, Thomas, ed. 
Old English Drama. 335-15 

Ward, A. W., ed. 

Specimens to the Pre-Shakespearian Drama. 335-28 
Manly, J. M., ed. 
(Towneley Plays, Chester Plays, Coventry Plays, Robin- 
hood Plays, Roister Doister, Gammer Gurton's 
Needle, Gorboduc.) 
Udall, Nicholas. 375-40 
Roister Doister. 

York Mystery Plays. 335-13 
Smith, Lucy Toulmin, ed. 

B. Shakespeare's Plays. 
Shakespeare, William. 

Complete Works : with memoir by Alexander Chalmers. 330-21 

Works : edited by W. G. Clark and W. A- Wright. 335-10 

Dramatic Works. 335-15 
The comedies, histories and tragedies, as presented at the 330-1 
Globe and Blackfriars Theatres, circa. 1591-1623. 
Morgan, Appleton, ed. 

(Bankside Shakespeare.) 

Pictorial Edition of the Works of Shakespeare. 334-1 



Knight, Charles, ed. 



56 



C. other Plays. 

A Select Collection of Old Plays. 331-1 

Dodsley, Rob., ed. 
Chapman, George. 336-10 

Comedies and Tragedies. 
Greene, Robert, and George Peele. 334-11 

Dramatic and Poetical Works. 
Lilly, John (or Lyly) 322-23 

Dramatic works. 
Marlowe, Christopher. 
Works. 334-12 
Dramatic works. 331-21 
Ellis, Havelock, ed. 
Old Plays. 337-1 
Dilke, C. W., ed. 
(Marlowe, Lyly, Marston, Dekker, Chapman, Middleton, 
Webster, Thomas Heywood.) 



57 



Lecture 11. 

EARLY SEVENTEENTH CENTURY AND RESTOR- 
ATION DRAMA. 

I. Introduction: The Decadence of the Romantic 

Drama. 

A. Declamation and ranting. 

B. Self-conscious art. 

C. Lowering of moral tone. 

D. The drama sentimentalized, etc., etc. 

II. Some Early Seventeenth Century Dramatists. 

A. Ben Jonson. 1573-1637. 

1. Every Man in His Humour. Acted 1596. 

2. Sejanus acted. 1603. 

3. The Sad Shepherd. 1637. 

4. Masques. 1603-1633. 

B. Thomas Dekker. 1569(?)-1639C?). 

1. Shoemaker's Holiday. 1600. Specimen. 

C. Philip Massinger. 1584-1639. 

1. Virgin Martyr. 1622. 

2. Duke of Milan. 1623. 

3. Maid of Honour. 1632. 

D. John Ford. 1586-(?) 

1. The Broken Heart. 1633. Specimen. 

E. Beaumont (1586-1616) and Fletcher (1576-1625). 

1. The Maid's Tragedy. Acted 1609. Specimens. 

2. The Faithful Shepherdess. Acted 1610. 

F. Cyril Tourneur. Early 17th century. 

1. Revenger's Tragedy acted 1607. Specimen. 

G. John Webster. (?)-1652. 

1. The White Devil. 1612. 

2. The Duchess of Malfi. Acted 1616. 

8 



58 



III. The Drama of the Restoration. 1622-1700. 

A. Introductory remarks. 

1. Charles 11. 

2. The Stage. 

a. Indecencies of the Stage. 

b. The Audience at the theatres. 

c. The condition of authors. 

3. Influences on the Drama. 

a. Classical : Aristotle. 

b. English : The tradition of Shakespeare. 

c. French : Corneille, Moliere, Racine. 

B. Some Dramatists. 

1. JohnDryden. 1631-1700. 

a. The Rival Ladies. 1664. 

b. The Indian Emperor. 1665. 

c. Sir Martin Mar-All. 1667. 

d. Aureng-Zebe. 1676. 

e. All for Love. 1678. 

f. Don Sebastian. 1670. 

2. Thomas Shadwell. 1640-1692. 

a. The Miser. 1671. Specimen. 

3. Thomas Otway. 1651-1685. 

a. The Orphan. 1680. 

b. Venice Preserved. 1682. 

4. W. Congreve. 1670-1729. 

a. Love for Love. 1695. 

b. The Mourning Bride. 1697. 

c. Way of the World. 1700. Specimens. 

IV. Conclusion : The treatment of tragedy and 

COMEDY IN Restoration Drama. 



59 



SPECIAL TOPICS. 



1. The Decline. 

2. Paritanism and the Drama. 

3. Charles II and the Stage. 

4. Classical and French Influence upon the English Drama. 

5. Dryden's Prose about the Drama. 



I. Historical and Critical. 

Beljame, Alexandre. 
Le Public et les Hommes de Lettres. (John Dry den et le 



History of English dramatic poetry to time of Shakespeare : 
and Annals of the stage to the Restoration. 
Garnet, R. 

Age of Dryden. 
Gosse, Edmund. 

The Jacobean Poets. 

Short History of Modern English Literature. 364-8 
Ch. IV. Decline. 
Sherwood, Margaret. 

Dryden's Dramatic Theory and Practice. 
Swinburne, Algernon Charles. 372-3 
Miscellanies. 
Congreve. 



BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCE. 



Theatre.) 
Collier, J. Payne. 



336-7 



II. The Drama. 



A. Early XVII Century Drama. 
Beaumont, Francis and Fletcher. 
Finest Scenes, Lyrics, and Other Beauties. Notes by Leigh 
Hunt. 
Dekker, Thomas. 
Dramatic works. 



331-19 



335-26 



Rhys, Ernest, ed. 
Ford, John. 
Dramatic Works. 



336-19 



60 



Hey wood, Thomas. 

Dramatic works. 
Verity, A. Wilson, ed. 
Jonson, Ben. 

Works. 
Marston, John. 

Dramatic Works. 
Massinger, Philip. 

Plays. 
Middleton, Thomas. 

Dramatic Works, with introduction by A. C. Swinburne. 
Shirley, James. 

Dramatic Works, with introduction by Edmund Gosse. 
Webster, John. 

Dramatic Works. 
Hazlitt, William, ed. 

B. Restoration Drama. 
Congreve, William. 
Dramatic Works. 
Ewald, A. C, ed. 
Dryden, John. 

Dramatic Works. 
Otway, Thomas. 

Dramatic Works ; Introduction and notes by Roden Noel, 
Wycherley, Wm. 
Dramatic Works. 
Ward, W. C, ed. 



61 

Lecture 12. 

SEVENTEENTH CENTURY POETRY AND PROSE. 

1616-1700. 

Historical Dates. 

Execution of Raleigh. 1618. 

Charles I. 1625-1648. 

Petition of Right. 1628. 

Long Parliament. 1640-1653. 

Civil War. 1642. 

Execution of Laud. 1645. 

Execution of the King. 1649. 

Cromwell, Protector. 1653-1658. 

Charles II. Restoration. 1660-1685. 

James II. 1685-1688. 

William III and Mary. 1689-1694. 

I. Introduction. 

A. The close of the Elizabethan Period. 

B. Puritanism and its effect on literature. 

C. Rise of the power of prose. 

D. The advent of the Classical Period. (1660.) 

II. Poetry and Prose. 

A. The last of the Renascence poets. 

1. Satirists. 

a. (John Donne. 1573-1631. See Lecture 

8, a, 8, b.) 

b. George Wither. 1588-1667. 

2. Religious Poets. 

a. George Herbert. 1593-1633. 

b. Richard Crashaw. 1615(?)-1650, 

c. Henry Vaughan. 1621-1695. 



62 



3. Cavalier Poets. 

a. Thomas Carew. 1589-1639. 

b. Robert Herrick. 1591-1674. 

c. Edmund Waller. 1605-1687. 

d. Sir John Suckling. 1608-1642. 

e. Richard Lovelace. 1618-1658. 

f. Abraham Cowley. 1618-1667. 
B. John Milton. 1608-1674. 

Life and poetic work. 

(1) 1608. b. in London. 

(2) 1625-1632. Cambridge. 



(3) 1632-1638. 
Horton. 



Life at 



(4) 1638-1639. 
Italy. 

(5) 1640-1660. 
Life. 



Goes 1 



Political 



(6) 1660-1674. In London 
after Restoration. Re- 
tirement. 



(2) 1625. On the Death of a 

Fair Infant. 
1625-32. 
On the Morning of Christ's 

Nativity. 
On Time. 
On Shakespeare. 
1631. Sonnets I-IL 

(3) 1632-1638. 

Sonnet to a Nightingale. 
L'Allegro. 
II Penseroso. 
Arcades. 
Comus. 
Lycidas. 

(4) 1638-1639. 
Damonis. 
dati.) 

(5) 1640-1660. 
phlets, etc. 

Sonnets III-XVIII. 

(6) 1660-1674. 

Paradise Lost. 1658-1665. 
Paradise Regained 1 ^^^^ 
Samson Agonistes / i67i. 



Epitaphium 
(Charles Deo- 

Prose Pam- 



63 



C. John Dryden. 1631-1700. 

1. His position in the Eestoratiou. 

2. His poetic work. 

a. First poems. 

(1) On the death of Cromwell. 1658. 

(2) Astraea Redux. 1660. (Charles II.) 

(3) Annus Mirabilis. 1667. 

b. Satires. 

(1) Absalom and Achitophel. 1681. 

(2) MacFlecknoe. 1682. 

c. Other poems. 

(1) Religio Laid. 1682. 

(2) The Hind and the Panther. 1687. 

(3) St. Cecilia's Day. 1687. 

(4) Translation of Virgil. 1699. 

(5) Translations of Chaucer and Boc- 

caccio. 

d. Drama. (See Lecture 10.) 

e. Prose. 

D. Other Prose of the Century. 

1. Religious. 

a. Richard Baxter. 1615-1691. 
(1) Saint's Rest, etc., etc. 

b. John Bunyan. 1628-1688. 

(1) Pilgrim's Progress. 1678. 

(2) Life and Death of Mr. Bad man. 

1680. 

2. Philosophical. 

a. Previous to this period. 

(1) Thomas Hobbes : Leviathan. 1651. 

b. During this period. 

(1) John Locke: Essay concering Hu- 
man Understanding. 1690. 



64 



c. The XVIII Century. 

(1) David Hurpe: Inquiry concerning 
Human Understanding. 1748. 

3. Sectarian. 

a. Samuel Pepys. 1632-1703. 
(1) Diary. 1660-1669. 

III. Conclusion : Dryden and the Classical Period. 



SPECIAL TOPICS. 

1. The History of the XVII Century. 

2. The Puritan Type. 

3. Milton's Prose. 

4. The Influence of the Bible on Bunyan's Style. 

5. Pilgrim's Progress as Allegory. 



BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCE. 
I. Historical and Critical. 

Arnold, Matthew. 
Culture and Anarchy. 
Essays in Criticism. Second Series. 

II Milton. 
Mixed Essays. 
VIII A French Critic on Milton. 
Bagehot, Walter. 
Literary Studies. 
John Milton. 
Brooke, Stopford A. 
Milton. 

Carlyle, Thomas. 353-2 
On Heroes, Hero Worship, and the heroic in History. 
Lecture IV. The Hero as Priest. Luther; Reformation: 
Knox; Puritanism. 
Lecture V. The Hero as King. 
Cromwell, Napoleon : Modern Revolutionism. 



373-9 
373-5 

373-2 
360-18 

365-18 



65 



Coterill, H. B. 364-6 

Introduction to the Study of Poetry. Ch. Y. The Classical 
School and the Xevr Eevival. 
Dowden, Edward. 363-10 

Transcripts and Studies. 

The Idealism of Milton, p. 454. 
Froude, James Anthony. 382-2i^ 

Bunyan. 

Garnett, Eichard. 372-16 

The Age of Dryden. 
Gosse, Edmund. 364-8 

Short History of Modern English Literature. 

Ch. V. The Age of Dryden. 
Green, J. E. 

History of England. Ch. YIII. 
Hazlitt, VTilliam. 372-13 

Lectures on the English Poets. 

Lecture IH. Shakespeare and Milton. 
Macaulay, Thomas Babington. _ 372-1 

Critical and Miscellaneous Essays. 
Yol. I, Milton. 
Yq]. Ill, Cowley and Milton. 
Manning, Anne. 346-16 

The Maiden and Married Life of Mary Powell, afterwards 
Mistress Milton. 
Masson, David. 

The Life of Milton. 
Masterman, J. Howard B. 372-19 

The Age of Milton. 
Pattison, Mark. 383-1 

Milton. 

Saintsbury, G. 382- 13 

Dryden. 
TuUoch, J. 

English Puritanism and its Leaders: Cromwell, Milton, 
Baxter, Bunyan. 

II. Seyextee^th Century Literature. 

Book of Seventeenth Century Lyrics. 312-5 

Schelling, F. F., ed. 
Bunyan, John. 376-8 

The Pilgrim's Progress. 

The Life and Death of Mr. Badman. 
Butler, Samuel. 317-13 

Hudibras: with notes from Guy and Nash. 

9 



66 



Browne, Sir Thomas. 355-1 
Works. 

Wilkin, Simon, ed. 

Cowley, Abraham. 322-4 
Works. 

Crashaw, Richard. 322-25 
Complete Works. 
TurnbuU, W. B., ed. 
Dry den, John. 

Poetical works. 326-11 
Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry. 374-1614 
Fuller, Thomas. 

The Holy State and the Profane State. 376-6 

A Pisgah Sight of Palestine and the confines thereof with 376-7 
the history of the Old and New Testament acted thereon. 

Herbert, George. 326-35 

Poetical Works : with memoir by R. A. Willmott. 

Herrick, Robert, 327-10 

Hesperides. 

Lovelace, Richard. 322-31 
Lucasta; poems. 
Hazlitt, W. C, ed. 
Milton, John. 

Areopagitica. Edited with introduction and notes by J. W. 376-4 
Hales. 

Areopagitica. Preceded by illustrative documents. 375-44 

Prose Works: with notes by J. A. St. Jonn. 351-1 

Poetical Works : with introduction by David Masson. 316-4 

Poetical Works : with a life by John Mitford. 316-1 

Poetical Works. 316-5 

Paradise Lost ; with notes. 316-7 

Suckling, Sir John. 322-8 
Works; poems, letters and plays. 

Vaughan, Henry. 326-36 
Sacred poems and Private ejaculations. 

Waller, Edmond. 322-7 
Poems. 

Wither, George. 328-27 
Hymns and Songs of the Church: with introduction by Ed- 
ward Farr. 



Lof C. 



67 



Lecture 13. 



THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY : PROSE AND 
POETRY, 1700-1800. 

Historical Dates. 



Anne. 1702-1714. 
The Union with Scotland. 1707. 
George I. 1714-1727. 
Sir Robert Walpole. 1721-1742. 
George II. 1727-1760. 
Wesley. 1703-1791. 
Methodism begins. 1730. 
Pitt. 1656-1768. 
George III. 1760-1820. 
American Stamp Act. 1765-1766. 
American War. 1775-1783. 
French Revolution. 1790. 



I. Introduction. 



A. The Society of the XVIII Century. 

B. Its Literary Characteristics. 

II. Its Prose. 

A. Kinds of Prose. 

B. The Essay and the Novel. 
1. The Essay. ^ 

a. Jonathan Swift. 1667-1745. 

' ' (1) Battle of the Books. 1704. * 

(2) Tale of a Tub. 1704. 

(3) Argument against abolishing Christ- 
ianity. 1708. 

(4) (Travels of Lemuel Gulliver. 1726.) 

(5) " Modest Proposal," etc. 1729. 

(6) Polite Conversations. 1738. . 



Specimens ^' 



68 



b. 



Specimens 



Specimens -< 



Specimens 



2. 



Eichard Steele. 1671-1729. 

(1) "Essays in the Tatler. 1709-1711. 

(2) , The Spectator and the Guardian. 
1711-1714. 

Joseph Addison. 1672-1719. 

(1) -Contributions to the Tatler. 1709- 
1711. 

(2) 'Contributions to the Spectator. 
1711-1714. 

(3) ' Contributions to the Guardian. 
1713. 

Samuel Johnson. 1709-1784. 

(1) • The Rambler. 1750-1752. 

(2) The Idler. 1758-1760. 

(3) RasseJas. 1759. 

e. '•Oliver Goldsmith. 1728-1744. (See Novel) 
The English Novel. • 
a. Its development. 

(1) Epic and Cycles of Romance. 

(a) Beowulf. 

(b) Charlemagne Cycle. 
Romance. 

(a) Lyly's Euphues. 

(b) Sidney's Arcadia. 
Heroic Romance of XVII Century. 
Bunyan's Pilgrim's Progress. 
Sir Roger de Coverley Papers. 

Authors. 

(1) Daniel Defoe. 1661-1731. 
(a) Robinson Crusoe. 1719. 
Samuel Richardson. 1689-1761. 

(a) Pamela. 1740. 

(b) Clarissa Harlowe. 1748. 

(c) Sir Charles Grandison. 1750 



b. 



(2) 



(3) 
(4) 

(5) 



(2) 



69 



(3) Henry Fielding. 1707-1754. 

(a) The History of Tom Jones. 1749. 

(b) Amelia. 1757. 

(4) Lawrence Sterne. 1713-1768. 

(a) Tristram Shandy. 1759-1767. 

(b) Sentimental Journey. 1768. 

(5) Horace Walpole. 1717-1797. 
(a) The Castle of Otranto. 1764. 

(6) Tobias Smollett. 1721-1771. 

(a) The Adventures of Eoderick 
Random. 1748. 
* (7) Oliver Goldsmith. 1728-1774. 

* (a) The Vicar of Wakefield. 1766. 

(8) William Godwin. 1756-1836. 
(a) Caleb Williams. 1794. 

(9) • Ann Radcliffe. 1764-1823. 

» (a) The Mysteries of^ Udolpho. 
1794. 

(10) Maria Edgeworth, 1767-1849. 

III. Its Poetry. 

• A. Characteristics: Effects of Classicisms, thg use of 
Nature, etc., etc. 

B. Poets.* 

1. - Queen Anne Poets. 

* a. Jonathan Swift. 1667-1745. 

* b. Alexander Pope. 1688-1744. 

2. • Poets of the Romantic Revival. 

, a. James Thomson. 1700-1748. 

• b. Thomas Gray. 1716-1771. 
.c. William Collins. 1721-1759. 
,d. William Cowper. 1731-1800. 

. , e. Thomas Chatterton. 1752-1770. 



70 



* 3. Poets of the Dawn. 

a. William Blake. 1757-1827. 

b. Robert Burns. 1759-1796. 

IV. Conclusion : The English Poets and the French 
Eevolution." 



SPECIAL TOPICS. 

1. Morals and Manners of the Early XVIII Century. 

2. The Summary of Society in Gulliver's Travels. 

3. XVIIIth Century Heroes and Heroines in Fiction. 

4. Johnson's Club. 

5. The Romantic Revival. 



BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCE. 
I. Historical and Critical. 

Arnold, Matthew. , 373-5 

Essays in Criticism. Second Series. 
Ill Thomas Gray. 
Ashton, John. 713-15 
The Dawn of the XlXth Century in England. A social 
sketch of the times. 
Bagehot, Walter. ^ ~ 360-18 

Literary Studies. 
Lady Mary Wortley Montague. 
William Cowper. 

Beers, Henry A. 364-19 

History of English Romanticism in the Eighteenth Century. 
Carlyle, Thomas. 

On Heroes, Hero Worship, and the heroic in History. 353-2 
Lecture V. The Hero as Man of Letters. Johnson, Ros- 
seau. Burns. 

Lectures on the history of Literature. 365-161^ 
Lecture II. The Eighteenth Century in England. 
Cotterill, H. B. 364-6 

Introduction to the Study of Poetry. 
Ch. IV. The Mediaeval Spirit and the Revival. 



71 



Courthope, William John. 372-23 
The Liberal Movement in English Literature. 
II. The Conservatism of the XVIIIth Century. 

Cross, Wilbur L. 364-16 
Development of the English Novel. 

Dennis, John. 372-17 
The Age of Pope. 

Dowden, Edward. 363-12 

The French Eevolution and English Literature. 363-12 

Studies in Literature. 1789-1877. 363-9 
French Eevolution and Literature, pp. 1-43. 

Forsyth, William. 364- 
The Novels and Novelists of the Eighteenth Century. 

Gosse, Edmund. 

Short History of Modern English Literature. 364-8 
Ch. VI. The Age of Anne. 
Ch. VII. The Age of Johnson. 
History of Eighteenth Century Literature. 1660-1780. 364-2 
Hancock, Albert Elmer. 363-11 

The French Revolution and the English Poets. 
Harrison, Frederic. 
The Eighteenth Century. 

Hazlitt, William. 372-13 
Lectures on the English Poets. 
Lecture IV. Dryden and Pope. 

Lecture VII. On Burns and the Old English Ballads. 
Lanier, Sidney. 

The English Novel and the Principle of its Development. 364-23 
The English Novel. A Study in the Development of Per- 
sonality. 364-231^ 
Lecky, William Edward Hartpole. 724-3 

History of England in the Eighteenth Century. 
Noel, Roden. 362-16 
Essays on Poetry and Poets. 
2. Chatterton. 

Phelps, WiUiam Lyon. 364-18 

Beginnings of the English Romantic Movement. 
Raleigh, Prof. Walter. 

The English Novel. 
Shairp, J. C. 

On Poetic Interpretation of Nature. 376-34 
Ch. XII. Return to Nature begun by Allan Ramsay and 
Thomson. 

Ch. XIII. Nature in CoUins, Gray, Goldsmith, Cowper 
and Burns. 



72 



Aspects of Poetry. 376-33 
Ch. VII. Scottish Song and Burns. 
Ch. IX. The Poetry of the Scottish Highlands. 

Simonds, William Edward. 364-21 

Introduction to the Study of English Fiction. 

Stoddard, Francis Hovey. 364-17 

Evolution of the English Novel. 

Swinburne, Algernon Charles. 372-3 

Miscellanies: Collins. 

Thackeray, William M. 357-23 

English Humorists. 
Williams, H. 

English Letters and Letter- Writing in the Eighteenth Cen- 
tury. 

Biographical. 

Black, William. 382-15 
Goldsmith. 

Courthope, W. J. 382-1 
Addison. 

Dobson, Austin. 382-14 
Fielding. 

Gosse, Edmund W. 382-16 
Gray. 

Macaulay, Thomas Babington. 383-13 

Life of Samuel Johnson, and and 
Essay on Johnson. 383-13^4 

Minto, William. 382-10 
Daniel Defoe. 

Shairp, J. C. ^ 382-4 
Robert Burns. 

Smith, Goldwin. 382-9 

Cowper. 
Stephen, Leslie. 

Alexander Pope. 383-2 

Samuel Johnson. 382-18 

Eighteenth Century Literature. 

Addison, Joseph. 

Works: with Notes by Richard Hurd. 351-6 

The Spectator. 351-30 
Criticism on Milton's Paradise Lost. 375-37 and 375-29 

Boswell, James. 
Life of Johnson. 



73 



Burns, Robert. 321-12 
Complete works. 
Smith, Alexander, ed. 

Chatterton, Thomas. 326-28 
Poetical works: with essay on Rowley poems by W. W. 
Skeat, and memoir by Edward Bell. 

Collins, William. 328-23 
Poetical works. 

Cowper, William. 

Works. 351-12 

Southey, Robert, ed. 

Poetical works. 326-31 

Crabbe, George. 327-17 
Poetical works: with letters and journals, and a life by his 
son. 

Defoe, Daniel. 347-11 

The Life and Adventures of Robinson Crusoe. 

Fielding, Henry. 341-29 

Works. 
Saintsbury, George, ed. 

Gay, John. 327-13 

Poetical works: with life by Dr. Johnson. 

Goldsmith, Oliver. 345-1 

The Vicar of Wakefield. 
Gray, Thomas. 

Works, in Prose and Verse. 352-41 

Gosse, Edmund, ed. 
Poetical works. 326-30 and 374-14 

Mitford, John, ed. 
Johnson, Samuel. 

Works. 350-12 

History of Rasselas. 375-31 

Montague, Lady Mary Wortley. 371-34 
Letters and Works: edited by her great grandson. Lord 
Wharncliffe. 
Pope, Alexander. 

Poetical works : with life by Alexander Dyce. 326-16 

Poetical works. 316-8 
Carruthers, Robert, ed. 
Smollett, Tobias. 

Humphrey Clinker. 340-35 
Roderick Random: with short memoir and bibliography. 340-36 
111. by George Cruikshank. 

Sterne, Laurence. 376-11 
Complete works: with life of the author written by himself. 



74 



Swift, Jonathan. 

Gulliver's Travels. 

The Tale of a Tub, and other works. 

Poetical works: with life by John Mitford. 
Thomson, James. 

Poetical works. 

The Seasons: with notes. 
Walpole Horace. 

The Castle of Otranto. 
Young, Edward. 

Poetical works. 



ERRATA. 
Pg. 27, for Mallory read Malory. 
Pg. 27, for GoUanez read Gollancz. 
Pg. 28, for Peredy read peredur. 
Pg. 29, B., insert 11 before 1-1350. 
Pg. 29. C, insert 11 before 1-239. 
Pg. 29, II, A, 2, for Peasant's read Peasants'. 
Pg. 30, for Translations read translation. 
Pg. 39, for Gummere, P. B., read F. B. 
Pg. 49, for Lyrics from Romances, etc. 312-2, read 312-1. 
Pg. 54, for Aniaugen, read Anfangen. 
Pg. 54, Hazlitt, W. C. for 336-2, read 336-1. 
Pg. 55, circa refers to 1591-1623. 



FEB. 10 1902 



A BRIEF HISTORICAL OUTLINE 
OF ENGLISH LITERATURE 



FROM 

the; origins to the close; of the eighteenth 

CENTURY. 
WITH 

SPECIAI. TOPICS AND BIBI.IOGRAPHICAI. 
REFERENCE. 




JEANNETTC A. MARKS, 
MX. HOI^YOKE COI^I^ECE, 
1902. 



LB My '03 



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